In this session, Dr Wang will be addressing the basic concept of Infertility in both its Western and Chinese Medicine contexts, as well as the recognition of the disease and change of its name in the history of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Infertility, called BUYUN, or BIJING (among other names), has been described in ancient TCM books since Chunqiu, about 2,500 years ago. Understandings of etiology and the pathogenesis of infertility in TCM were gradually developed and described mainly in the following aspects: Kidney deficiency, Qi and Blood deficiency, Liver Qi stagnation, Blood stagnation in uterus and ovaries, Spleen deficiency and phlegm stagnation, emotional and mental disorders, congenital defects, etc. The TCM treatment principles and methods of infertility were then developed based on the above-mentioned understandings.